Engine Oils
Get the facts on oil changes, transmission fluids, brake fluids and more
Changing your motor oil regularly is vital to the health of your vehicle. However, many consumers are confused when presented with their choice of engine oils, not really knowing the difference between one and the next. Learning the basics about engine oils will help you choose a quality product that's right for your car and the conditions you drive in.
Types of Engine Oil
There are three main types of engine oils: conventional, synthetic and synthetic-conventional blends. Conventional oil is the least expensive and is produced by refining crude oil. Synthetic engine oil is made in a laboratory and maintains superior flow and viscosity. However, it is expensive, so you can get synthetic blends which perform better than conventional oil but don't cost as much as straight synthetic oil.
Each type has numerous different "grades" or "weights," which refer to the oil's position on the viscosity index. Thicker and thinner oils perform differently when subjected to different temperatures, so the right one for your car depends on how hot your engine runs and the relative age of your vehicle.
High-mileage oil is recommended for older vehicles. If you live in a cold climate, you can also get special high-performance oils that will serve you well during those long months of winter driving.
When to Get an Oil Change
Both new cars and older vehicles should have their oil changed every 3,000 miles. You should also check your oil regularly to ensure it is at the correct level and is running clean.
Other Important Automotive Fluids
Your service technician will usually check all your vehicle's fluids when you go in for an oil change, so it pays to know the basics about the other important fluids your car relies on to run correctly.
Transmission fluid cools down your car's transmission system, which runs at a very high heat, and enables smooth shifting. It is red when healthy and turns black or brown when it needs to be changed, which is roughly every 30,000 miles – which is when the filter should be changed, too. New cars should be able to get to 100,000 miles without requiring a transmission fluid change.
Steering fluid regulates your power steering column, making it easy for you to turn the wheel. It typically doesn't need to be replaced unless there's a problem with your steering, but you should still be mindful of it.
Brake fluid lubricates your car's braking system; if it gets too low, you risk brake failure. The brake fluid level will drop as your pads wear, so have your brakes inspected regularly.
